![]() ![]() The following theories each contribute to the research and application of positive psychology while emphasizing specific elements of the PERMA model: 1. Health can refer to objective wellness, such as being free of disease and illness, adopting healthy lifestyles, and perceived vitality and sufficient energy and mobility to perform daily activities (Allen et al., 2022 Beacham et al., 2020).Īs a result, the extended PERMAH model has proven popular and effective, particularly in educational and workplace settings, where it can be predictive of wellness and performance (Allen et al., 2022 Beacham et al., 2020). While Seligman’s model did not include ‘health,’ it is now recognized as contributing to overall wellbeing, can be pursued for its own sake, and is measurable. Psychotherapists can use it to help individuals identify areas of their lives where they may lack in wellbeing and work on strategies to increase wellbeing in those areas. The PERMA model provides a helpful framework for understanding and measuring psychological wellness. Accomplishment is based on the experience of achievement and progression toward goals.Meaning brings importance to having a sense of purpose or meaning in life.Relationships refer to the quality and quantity of social connections inside and outside our immediate group.Engagement relates to our experience of flow and being consumed in an activity and environment.Positive emotions refer to the experience of positive feelings and emotions, such as satisfaction, awe, joy, and contentment.Taking each one in turn (Seligman, 2011, 2019): It becomes possible to create more meaningful lives with a powerful positive impact on increasing wellbeing while at the same time reducing psychological distress. The individual pursuing these elements becomes more able to deal with life’s challenges. When combined, they provide an essential path to flourishing. The PERMA model proposes we can break down wellbeing into five key elements: Positive emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment.Įach is vital because it can be pursued for its own sake and built upon. It is evidence-based and a valuable and powerful tool for further research and application within therapy and our personal and working lives (Seligman, 2011). The PERMA model is Seligman’s framework for understanding and measuring wellbeing. Seligman also suggests that individuals have the capacity to develop and strengthen their character strengths, such as grit, resilience, and gratitude, which can further help to enhance their wellbeing and increase happiness (Seligman, 2011). Taken together, their pursuit leads to the development of personal wellbeing and the opportunity to flourish. ![]() ![]() Savoring achievements and accomplishments.Finding meaning and fulfillment in what we do and seeking and.Two other needs were subsequently added, including Have positive relationships with others.Engage in activities that give life meaning and purpose, and.Seligman’s initial theory proposed that individuals have three basic psychological needs: While he wasn’t dismissing the rest of psychology–sometimes referred to as the ‘disease model’–he wanted to better understand what makes a life worth living.Īfter all, Seligman described us humans as innately “bad weather animals,” focusing on what could go wrong in a “world that is full of danger, loss, and injustice,” yet with the potential to learn to focus on creating the good life (Seligman, 2019, p. Until then, psychology had focused on the problems people faced, what was wrong in their lives, and how it contributed to their depression, anxiety, and lack of mental wellbeing (Seligman, 2011). Having spent much of his early career researching the concept of learned helplessness, Seligman was to introduce positive psychology, a new branch of psychology focusing on the study of positive emotions, character strengths, and building a flourishing life. In 1999, psychologist Martin Seligman became president of the US’s largest and most prestigious body of psychologists-the American Psychological Association (APA) (Seligman, 2011). Martin Seligman’s Positive Psychology Theory 3 Aspects Positive Psychology Is Based On.Positive Psychology Theory Research and Applications.Martin Seligman’s Positive Psychology Theory. ![]()
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